Small Steps to Making Big Differences

What to do if your baby accidentally swallows a tiny piece of a toy or food:

1. Hold the baby face-down along your thigh with their head lower than their bottom.
2. Hit them firmly on their back between the shoulder blades up to five times.
3. Turn the baby over so they are facing upwards.
4. Place two fingers in the middle of their chest just below the nipples.
5. Push sharply downwards up to five times.
6. Call emergency services if the blockage does not dislodge.

What to do if an adult is choking on food:

1. Encourage them to cough.
2. Hit them firmly on their back with the heel of your hand between the shoulder blades five times.
3. Hold around the waist and pull inwards and upwards above their belly button. Give up to five abdominal thrusts.
4. Call emergency services if the blockage does not dislodge.

Scenario 2:

SEIZURES

What to do if your uncle has a seizure:

1. Pay attention to how long the seizure lasts.
2. Prevent injury by moving nearby objects out of the way.
3. Don’t hold the person down.
4. Don’t put anything in the person’s mouth like
   water, food or pills.
5. Make sure their breathing is clear.
6. Call for emergency medical help.

Scenario 3:

FRACTURED LIMB

What to do if you fractured your arm after falling:

1. Minimise movement of the injured area.
2. Place some ice cubes or a cold pack on the injury for 20 minutes to ease the swelling or pain. Wrap the ice or cold pack with a thin towel prior to placing it on a fresh injury.
3. Tie or tape a rigid material (splint) next to the
   injury. The splint should sit at two joints nearest to the injured part.

Scenario 4:

ELECTROCUTION

What to do if your father accidentally touched a live wire:

1. Switch off the current. Never attempt to cut a cable with a knife or scissors.
2. Use dry insulating materials like gloves, folded garments, or newspapers.

Scenario 5:

POISONING

What to do if your younger sister accidentally drinks poison:

1. If she is vomiting, turn his or her head to the side to prevent choking.
2. Begin CPR if she doesn’t show signs of life.
3. Gather the bottle, package or label of the poison.
4. Call emergency services.

Scenario 6:

HEART ATTACK

What to do if your grandfather has a heart attack:

1. Calm the person, make them sit and loosen any tight clothing.
2. If the person has heart attack medication, pop it under the tongue.
3. If the person is unconscious, begin Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR):
   >> Call for medical assistance.
   >> Lay the person on their back and open their airway.
   >>Check for breathing. If they are not breathing, start CPR.
   >>Perform 30 chest compressions.
   >>Perform two rescue breaths.
   >> Repeat until help arrives.
4. Seek medical help immediately.

Scenario 7:

STROKE

What to do if your grandmother has a sudden stroke:

1. Spot FAST :
   >> F – Facial drooping
   >> A – Arm weakness
   >> S – Slurred speech
   >> T – Telephone an emergency hotline
2. Do not feed the person any drinks or food.
   If you suspect the person is having low sugar,
   rub something sweet like honey or sugar syrup on their lips.